From January 2022 to January 2024, Slovenia experienced several significant political events. Regular elections to the National Assembly took place in April 2022, followed by presidential and local elections, as well as three nationwide referendums in the autumn. All these...

In many respects, Estonia has successfully established a sustainable democracy. Civil rights and the rule of law are strong, the plurality of opinion in politics and civil society is effective, and both national and household wealth are increasing over the long term.

In the past two years, Spain’s key economic data compared favorably with other EU member states. Economic growth and job creation were solid and stronger than expected in 2022 and 2023. Spain exhibited resilience in the face of economic challenges, with energy costs and...

A significant shift in sustainable governance occurred in Finland when Sanna Marin’s center-left government was replaced by Petteri Orpo’s right-wing government in June 2023. Marin’s government was known for placing a strong emphasis on ecological and social sustainability,...

The years 2022 and 2023 have been a period of dynamic change for Sweden, with sharp political shifts occurring against the backdrop of the armed conflict in Europe between Russia and Ukraine. This war severely upset the balance of the Nordic-Baltic region, leading to...

France is an average country in Europe with respect to its sustainable governance performance. Despite the continuing rise of the extreme-right party National Rally and continuous debates about the leadership style of President Emmanuel Macron, democratic institutions are...

Based on a careful international comparison, eminent Austrian-German political scientist Herbert Obinger (2023: 795) has argued that “Switzerland, more than almost any other country in the world, has realized the ideal of government by the people and for the people.

Germany’s political system is strengthened by robust and resilient democratic institutions. All public entities are effectively constrained by reliable checks and balances and adherence to the rule of law.

Over the past two years, a widespread sentiment has emerged that “Britain is not working.” This perception is partly due to crisis fatigue and a sense that after thirteen years of Conservative Party rule (the first five as a coalition government), it is “time for a change.”

During the period under review, Greece’s political and economic landscape showed notable improvement. As the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic diminished, the economy experienced growth, largely driven by increased domestic consumption and a resurgence in tourism.